Let M be a Riemannian manifold, and let Cl(M) be its Clifford bundle. Let E→M be any vector bundle with connection, and assume that C∞(M,E) is a Cl(M)-module. We can define a Dirac operator D acting on sections of E via the formula
Dσ=n∑i=1ei⋅∇iσ
for any orthonormal frame {e1,…,en} on M, and where ⋅ denotes the Clifford module action. We demand that the connection on E is compatible with Clifford multiplication in the following sense:
∇j(ei⋅σ)=(∇jei)⋅σ+ei⋅∇jσ.
Let R denote the curvature of E, i.e. we have
[∇i,∇j]σ=R(ei,ej)σ+∇[ei,ej]σ
We can define an endomorphism R on E by
R=12∑ijR(ei,ej).
Theorem. We have the identity D2=−Δ+R.
Proof. We compute
D2σ=∑ijei∇i(ej∇jσ)=∑ijeiej∇i∇jσ+ei(∇iej)∇jσ=−Δσ+12∑ijeiej[∇i,∇j]σ+∑ijei(∇iej)∇jσ=−Δσ+12∑ijeiejR(ei,ej)σ+12∑ijeiej∇[ei,ej]σ+∑ijei(∇iej)∇jσ=(−Δ+R)σ+12∑ij(eiej∇[ei,ej]σ+ei(∇iej)∇j+ej(∇jei)∇i)σ
We will be done provided we can show that the last term vanishes. Notice that it is fully tensorial, since it can be expressed as D2+Δ−R. On the other hand, the terms [ei,ej] and ∇jei are (by definition!) proportional to Christoffel symbols. Since we can always choose a frame so that these vanish at a point, these terms must vanish identically. Hence we have 0=D2+Δ−R, as desired.
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